Response to Campbell's Article.

Just like other violence against refugee women, rape has been ignored by their rapists or other people who are suppose to defend those women especially with the fact that many rape victims don’t report it either because it’s embarrassing, no one will believe them or it can break up the marriage.

The most dangerous period for refugee women is when they are on the move alone with their children leaving husbands behind. Without a designated place to settle, women and children are scared, especially at night and end up by being with bad groups of people including rapists. After being raped some women get infected with sexual diseases like Aids which will finally kill them and since many refuges don’t believe in counselling (they think it’s a waist of time talking to someone about your problem and all he does is just listen to you).

Sometimes poverty also makes parents have their kids raped and the rapist would pay money to the parents who use it to feed the family and these parents expect the raped child to understand why they (parents) did what they did. Men also rape their own wives, but in this case people don’t take it as rape because they believe that a man should have sexual relationship with his wife whenever he wants as long as they are still married either she wants it or not.

I found all the three social theories when it comes to rape among refugee women:
Symbolic Interaction: Some people from refugee population believe that it’s culturally a man’s right to do whatever he wants with his wife and that’s why men pay bridal price to the woman’s parents. This violence is encouraged by women not reporting it due to being afraid of what may happen.
Conflict Theory: Men feeling more powerful than women and rape can be used as a sign of manipulation.
Functionalism Theory: Religion and family make women afraid of being embarrassed or losing the family for reporting rape.